Topical Terminology  

       

Topical Terminology > Racquet Hypha



1 Definition

Racquet Hypha

For Racquet Hypha we have a term and definition in Microbiology.



Racquet Hypha (Microbiology)

A series of club-shaped cells in a single hypha.
Radial Immunodiffusion (RID), is a quantitative variation of the Ouchterlony technique (immunodiffusion) in which the agar gel contains evenly distributed antigen (or antibody) and its counterpart from the test sample diffuses into the gel from a single well resulting in a circular precipitin line around the sample well. The diameter of the precepitin ring is proportional to the concentration of the antibody (or antigen) present in the test sample. By comparing the diameter of the test specimen precipitin ring to known standards, a relatively insensitive estimation of the concentration of specific antibody or antigen can be achieved.
Radioimmunoassay (RIA), uses fixed-dose, low-level, radioactive-isotope-labeled antigen ("tracer") to compete with unlabeled antigen from the patient specimen for a fixed number of antibody binding sites. Traditional RIA is done with specific antibodies in liquid solution. Solid-phase RIA involves the use of antibody bound to solid support (e.g., tubes, glass beads or plastic fins). The amount of antigen in the specimen is determined by comparing the bound radioactivity with a standard curve.
Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST), is the name given to an in vitro technique which detects the presence of IgE (and IgG) antibodies to allergens, proteins which may give rise to hypersensitivity reactions seen in allergies. Allergens are coated on a complex carbohydrate matrix called a sorbent. Antibodies specific for the allergen being tested bind to the allergin and, if preset, are detected by a low-level radioactively labeled antibody to either human IgE or IgG, depending upon the isotype being used.
Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA), is the term used to describe the qualitative assay used as a confirmatory procedure for some antibodies to viral antigens. Viral infected cell cultures are radioactively labeled and lysed to yield radiolabeled antigen fragments. Specific antibodies, if present, will bind these antigen fragments and the resulting antigen-antibody complexes are precipitated using protein A, boiled to free the immune complexes which are then separated by electrophoresis. The pattern of antigenic moieties to which antibodies are present may then be detected using autoradiography (the exposure of sensitive X-ray film by the radioactive emissions of the bound, labeled antigens). Comparison to labeled molecular weight standards electroforesed in the same run allows determination of the molecular weight "bands" of antigen to which antibodies are present.




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