For Tempering we have terms and definitions in 4 topics. The topics are Candy Making, Chocolate, Food and Metal.

Tempering (Candy Making)

The process of melting and cooling chocolate to specific temperatures in order to prepare it for dipping, coating, or molding.

Tempering (Chocolate)

A method of preparing chocolate so that it will not develop fat bloom. Chocolate that will be used for dipping or coating must be tempered, which also gives it a glossy quality, free of streaks. The classic tempering method is to melt chocolate until it is lump free. Then 1/3 of the chocolate is poured onto a marble slab, spread and worked back and forth with a metal spatula until it becomes thick and reaches a temperature of about 80 degrees. This chocolate is then added back to the remaining 2/3 of the melted chocolate and stirred. The process is repeated until the entire mixture reaches 88-92 degrees for semi-sweet chocolate, 84-87 degrees for milk or white chocolate. Care must be taken not to over temper chocolate, which brings it back to its original state - grainy and susceptible to fat bloom.

Tempering (Food)

A technique by which chocolate is stabilized through a melting-and-cooling process, thereby making it more malleable and glossy. Commercially available chocolate is already tempered, but this condition changes when chocolate is melted. Tempering chocolate isn't necessary for most recipes, but is often done when the chocolate will be used for candy making or decorations. Chocolate must be tempered because it contains Cocoa Butter, a fat that may form crystals after chocolate is melted and cooled. If these crystals aren't stabilized through tempering, they can form dull gray streaks called Bloom. The classic tempering method is to melt chocolate until it reaches a temperature of 115 degrees F. Two-thirds of the melted chocolate is then spread on a marble slab and worked back and forth with a metal spatula until it becomes thick and reaches a temperature of about 80 degrees F. This thickened chocolate is then transferred back into the remaining one-third melted chocolate and reheated to about 89 degrees F for semisweet chocolate, about 85 degrees F for milk or white chocolate. The quick tempering method is to melt two-thirds of the chocolate to be tempered to a temperature of 115 degrees F then add the remaining one-third (finely chopped) chocolate to the melted mixture, stirring until the mixture has reached 89 degrees F and is smooth.

Tempering (Metal)

Re-heating a quench-hardened or normalized ferrous alloy to a temperature below the transformation range and then cooling at any rate desired.In heat treatment, re-heating hardened steel to some temperature below the A1 temperature for the purpose of decreasing hardness and/or increasing toughness. The process also is sometimes applied to normalized steel.

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